Figure 11

The axons confer the pyramidal neurons to efficiently encode the digital spikes in response to the fluctuated input signals. The fluctuated signals (cosine waves) at threshold stimuli in different frequencies were injected into the soma and different axonal segments, respectively, to induce spikes. A) shows the optimal frequency of converting the fluctuated signals into spikes at the soma and axons. B) illustrates optimal frequency versus distance of axonal segments to the soma (soma, n = 17; axons, n = 43). C) shows the frequency of depolarization (DP) vs. number of spikes (n = 11). Axonal segments away from the soma larger than 50 μm appear a subcellular compartment of converting the fluctuated signals into the spikes with optimal match in their frequencies.