Fig. 1
From: Presenilins regulate synaptic plasticity in the perforant pathways of the hippocampus
Impaired short-term plasticity in lateral and medial perforant pathways of PS cDKO mice. a and d DIC images of DG area in an acute hippocampal slice in which the stimulation (Sti) and recording pipettes (Rec) are positioned at the outer or inner layer of molecular region to stimulate lateral or medial perforant pathway, respectively. b and e Representative traces of fEPSPs evoked by two consecutive stimuli with a 200 ms inter-stimulus interval. c and f Average paired-pulse ratio (PPR) values plotted as a function of the inter-stimulus interval (20–1200 ms) show reduced PPR in PS cDKO mice (F1, 18 = 36.19, p < 0.0001 in LPP; F1, 24 = 48.26; p < 0.0001 in MPP; two-way ANOVA). g and h Top: Superimposed fEPSP traces of frequency facilitation (g) or depression (h) elicited by 10 Hz stimulus trains show significant reduction in PS cDKO mice relative to control mice. Bottom: Summary graphs show that synaptic facilitation or depression elicited by stimulus trains are impaired in both LPP and MPP of PS cDKO mice (LPP at 5 Hz: F1, 15 = 22.47, p = 0.0003; LPP at 10 Hz: F1, 15 = 7.96, p = 0.0129; MPP at 5 Hz: F1, 28 = 8.29, p = 0.0075; MPP at 10 Hz: F1, 28 = 12.97, p = 0.0012; two-way ANOVA). The slopes of shown fEPSP are normalized to the slope of the first fEPSP of the stimulus train. All data represent mean ± SEM (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001). The number of slices/mice used in each experiment is shown in parentheses