Fig. 6
From: Spermidine treatment: induction of autophagy but also apoptosis?
Spermidine treatment within drinking water promotes autophagy through increased phosphorylation of ULK1 in mice independent of genotype but does not induce apoptosis. (A) Representative western blot of cerebellum from wild-type and MJD mice treated with vehicle or spermidine and probed for markers of autophagy p-ULK1, ULK, p62 and LC3B. (B) Quantification of the ratio between LC3II/I showed no significant differences after spermidine treatment. (C) Quantification of p62 showed no significant differences following spermidine treatment (D) Simple main effects analysis of p-ULK1 levels demonstrated a significant increase following spermidine treatment ( p = 0.0109, n = 6–7), independent of genotype. (E) Representative western blot of wild-type and MJD mice treated with vehicle or spermidine and probed for markers of apoptosis including cleaved- and total-caspase 3 and downstream substrates cleaved- and total-PARP1. (F) Quantification of cleaved- and total-caspase 3 showed no significant differences following spermidine treatment. (G) Quantification of the ratio between cleaved- and full-length-PARP1 revealed no significant differences following spermidine treatment. A two-way ANOVA was utilised for statistical analysis followed by Tukey post hoc analysis. Data represents mean ± SEM. * Represents p < 0.05