Figure 5
From: Exosomes neutralize synaptic-plasticity-disrupting activity of Aβ assemblies in vivo
PrPCon the surface of exosomes is essential for ADDL-neutralizing activity of exosomes. (A) Exosomes prepared from PrPC WT or KO cells both revealed Flotillin-1 and β-actin, but PrPC was absent in KO exosomes. (B) Exosomes lacking PrPC were similar in size (KO Exo, red line: 87 ± 4 nm) to WT exosomes (WT Exo, black line: 84 ± 19 nm, P > 0.05, n = 3). (C) By EM, the structure of WT Exo and KO Exo was indistinguishable (Scale bar: 100 nm). (D) KO Exo only partially protected against the ADDL-mediated inhibition of LTP compared to WT Exo. An equivalent amount of exosomes (4 μg in 5 μl, asterisk) or ADDLs (10 pmol in 5 μl, hash) was injected in each designated condition. An arrow indicates HFS application and insets show representative traces at the color-matched time points. Calibration: 1.5 mV and 10 ms. (E) A summary histogram of the data in D with statistical comparisons. (F) KO Exo exhibited reduced ADDL-sequestering activity when compared to WT Exo. Left panel: representative immunoblots using antibodies against Aβ (6E10) or Flotillin-1 as well as PrPC. Right panel: mean % of ~12 and 16 kDa Aβ bound to exosomes (P) relative to total ~12 and 16 kDa Aβ (P + S). Error bars, ± SEM. Statistical significance was expressed as *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001.