Figure 4

Tat-blocking peptide causes reduction in mGlu1 receptor-mediated Ca²⁺transient and its lipid rafts localization in hippocampal neurons. (A) Representative traces of the Fura-2 Ca²⁺ imaging with Tat-peptides. Cells were incubated with each peptide (10 μM for 45 min) before bath application of DHPG (50 μM, for 60s) as indicated by arrows, in the presence of 10 μM MPEP. Population data are shown in right panel. n = 12 (Control), 15 (Tat-blocking peptide), 13 (Tat-mutant peptide). (B) Confocal images visualizing co-localization of mGlu1α receptor and lipid rafts treated with Tat-peptides. Cells were labeled with CTX-Alexa 488 (green) and anti-mGlu1α receptor antibody (red). White boxes in the upper images are enlarged in lower panels. Overlapping areas (yellow) indicate co-localization of mGlu1α receptor to CTX-Alexa 488. n = 21 (Control), 20 (Tat-blocking peptide), 21 (Tat-mutant peptide). Scale bars = 10 μm. The data is shown as mean ± SEM. An ANOVA with posthoc analysis was performed. n.s., non-significant, **, P < 0.01.