Table 1 Behavioral tests for the diagnosis of autistic individuals

Observational report (including questionnaires)

Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS)

A standardized assessment in terms of objective evaluation of autistic social and communicative behavior symptoms

Lord et al. 1989 [39]

Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R)

An interview conducted with the parents of autistic individual to cover autistic individual’s full developmental history

Lord et al. 1994 [40]

Clinical Global Impression (CGI) Scale

A three-item scale used to assess treatment response in patients with mental disorders

Guy 1976 [41]

Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS)

A score calculated by subjective observation of a child’s behavior across fifteen criteria

Schopler et al. 1980 [42]; Mayes et al. 2012 [43]

Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC)

A 57-checklist of behavioral characteristics, which has been used for diagnosis of autism

Krug et al. 1980 [44]; Volkmar et al. 1988 [45]

Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS)

A quantitative measure of autistic traits completed by a caregiver familiar with the autistic individuals within 4–18 year olds

Constantino 2002 [46]; Aldridge et al. 2012 [47]

Aptitude test

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)

A form of IQ test designed to measure intelligence in adults and older adolescents, which has separate verbal and non-verbal IQ scores

Wechsler 1939 [48]