Fig. 3

Sevoflurane and desflurane impaired mitochondrial morphology and function, which was rescued by a mitochondrial division inhibitor, Mdivi-1. (a-f) Confocal images of individual neurons stained with MitoTracker Red after exposure to the indicated anesthetics in the presence or absence of Mdivi-1 (10 μM) at 6 days post-culture. Arrows indicate neurites, wherever unclear. (g) Quantification of predominant mitochondrial morphology in each treatment condition. (h) Quantification of mean fluorescence intensity of MitoTracker Red. (i) Quantification of mean fluorescence intensity of MitoTracker Red in neurite as measured in 70 μm² regions of interest. Two-way ANOVA. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001 as determined by pairwise comparison of the post-hoc tests. Scale bar 10 μm (a–f)