Fig. 2

Pathological changes in hippocampus of db/db and WT mice. Apoptosis was examined by the TUNEL assay ((a), WT mice; (b), db/db mice with cognitive decline). Astrogliosis was evaluated by the GFAP method ((d), WT mice; (e), db/db mice). The numbers of TUNEL and GFAP-positive cells were counted blindly, as shown in (c and F), and an average was taken from five different fields of hippocampus in each group of mice (n = 4, Scale bars = 100 μm.). Significant level: **P < 0.01