Fig. 5

Glycyrrhizin and HMGB1 neutralizing antibodies reduce MCAO-induced ischemic brain injury. a, Representative TTC-staining results. A mixture of glycyrrhizin (100 mg/kg) and saline was administered intraperitoneally 30 min before MCAO. b, A quantification of the TTC staining results in a. The number of rats in each group was as follows: sham (n = 4), glycyrrhizin (n = 4), MCAO (n = 5), MCAO + glycyrrhizin (n = 5). ### P < 0.001 versus sham alone, *** P < 0.001 comparing MCAO with and without glycyrrhizin, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Bonferroni post hoc test. c, Representative images showing HMGB1 immunoreactivity in brain sections from MCAO and/or glycyrrhizin-treated rats. d, A quantification of the immunohistochemistry results in c. The number of rats in each group was as follows: sham (n = 3), glycyrrhizin (n = 3), MCAO (n = 4), MCAO + glycyrrhizin (n = 4). ### P < 0.001 versus sham alone, *** P <0.001 comparing MCAO with and without glycyrrhizin, one-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni post hoc test. e. Representative images of TTC staining results. HMGB1 neutralizing antibodies (5 μg of antibody in 5 μl of PBS) were administered to the rats by intracerebroventricular injection 30 min before MCAO. f, A quantification of the TTC staining results in e. The number of rats in each group was as follows: MCAO (n = 3), MCAO + neutralizing antibody (n = 8). ** P < 0.01 comparing MCAO with and without the neutralizing antibody, unpaired t-test