Nuclear organization and 3D chromatin architecture in cognition and neuropsychiatric disorders

Table 1 Neuropsychiatric conditions associated with disrupted nuclear organization and 3D chromatin architecture

Condition	Disruption	Reference
Alzheimer’s disease	Lamin B invaginations	[80]
Behavioral stress	PML clustering	[28]
Cocaine addiction	Sig-1R-mediated MaoB repression	[24]
Epilepsy	Chromosomal movements	[38]
Fragile X–associated tremor/ataxia syndrome	Heterochromatin condensation	[76]
Huntington’s disease	Super-enhancer dysfunction	[82]
Neurodegeneration	Disrupted CBS and speckles	[29, 30]
Seizures	PML clustering Bdnf relocation	[28, 40]
Alpha thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X	ATRX mutation	[72]
Bipolar disorder	PCDHα enhancer SNP	[88]
Cornelia de Lange syndrome	NIPRL, SMC1 and SMC3 mutations	[70]
Fryns-Lujan syndrome	MED12 mutation	[69]
ID, microcephaly and growth retardation	CTCF mutation	[71]
Impulsive-disinhibited personality	SIRPB1 intronic deletion	[89]
Opitz-Kaveggia syndrome	MED12 mutation	[69]
Post-traumatic stress disorder/depression	FK506 intronic SNP	[93, 94]
Restless Legs syndrome	MEIS1 enhancer SNP	[79]
Rett syndrome	MECP2 mutation	[73]
Schizophrenia	GRIN2B enhancer SNP Microsatellite repeats in NRG1 intron 1 GAD1 enhancer-promoter dysfunction	[84, 85, 87]

This list is not exhaustive; it only presents those conditions discussed in the text. The rows under “Seizures” refer to conditions caused by mutations in architectural proteins or regulatory elements

ISSN: 1756-6606