The DLGAP family: neuronal expression, function and role in brain disorders

Table 1 Table with the DLGAP subtypes expressed in the brain i.e. DLGAP1–4 and the corresponding CNS diseases and affected brain regions

DLGAP subtype	CNS disease	Brain region affected	References
DLGAP1	Schizophrenia	Nucleus accumbens	[9]
	Alzheimer’s disease	Frontal cortex	[114]
	Major depressive disorder	Hippocampus	[115]
DLGAP2	Schizophrenia	na*	[99]
	Fragile x mental retardation	Hippocampus	[116]
	Post traumatic stress disorder	Hippocampus	[102]
	Autism spectrum disease	na*	[10, 100, 101]
DLGAP3	Trichotillomania	Striatum	[11, 12]
	Obsessive compulsive disorder	Striatum	[11, 13, 106]
	Parkinson’s disease	na*	[117]
	Schizophrenia	na*	[98]
DLGAP4	Cerebellar ataxia	Cerebellum	[14]
DLGAP4	Bipolar disorder (indirectly linked)	na*	[118]

na* No proven affected brain region. DLGAP1 is thought to be involved in schizophrenia starting from nucleus accumbens, Alzheimer’s disease in frontal cortex and major depressive disorder originating from hippocampus. DLGAP2 is linked to multiple diseases. First schizophrenia with no proven affected brain region, second autism spectrum disease also with no proven affected brain region and finally fragile x mental retardation and post-traumatic stress disorder both originating from the hippocampus. DLGAP3 is proven to be involved in both trichotillomania and OCD both starting in the striatum. DLGAP3 has also been linked to Parkinson’s disease. Finally, DLGAP4 is proven to be involved in cerebellar ataxia coming from cerebellum and indirectly to bipolar disorder via the microRNA miR-1908-5p. The relevant references are linked in the fourth column, respectively

ISSN: 1756-6606