Fig. 3

INI-0602 prevented HFD-induced feeding pattern disturbance in mice. Mice were acclimated to FDAMS with NC feeding, then switched to HFD60 with daily intraperitoneal administrations of vehicle (V, n = 7, white squares with dashed line) or INI-0602 (Tx, n = 8, black circles with solid line) for 5 days. White and black bars on the X-axis correspond to the light and dark cycles, respectively. Vertical dashed line indicates the switch from NC (Pre) to HFD and the initiation of IP injections (Post). (a-b) Hourly caloric intakes, measured over the course of the study (1 kcal = 4.186 kJ) in (a) the vehicle group and (b) the treatment group. (c) The light cycle intake, expressed as a percentage of the 24-h intake. (d–g) Caloric intakes during (d) the light cycle, (e) the dark cycle, (f) each 24-h period, and (g) over the 5-day HFD feeding period. (h) Mean body weights over the 5-day HFD feeding period. (i–k) Cosinor analyses of the feeding rhythms, including the (i) period length, (j) amplitude, and (k) nadir of the CT. (l) Eatograms of two representative mice in each group. White and black bars above the traces correspond to the light and dark cycles, respectively. Data are the means ± s.e.m. Statistical significance was determined with the Student’s t-test, for comparisons between the two groups at each time point, in c–h; Significant differences were determined with a one-way ANOVA with post-hoc Student’s t-test and the Bonferroni correction for comparisons among groups, in i-k. *P < 0.05. Abbreviations: NC normal chow, HFD high-fat diet, A.U. arbitrary unit, CT circadian time, FDAMS feeding drinking, and activity monitoring system