Fig. 1

Effects of the Tat-cUBP1-USP5 peptide on inflammatory pain induced by CFA in female mice. a Time-dependent effect and (b) Area under curve bar representation of Tat-cUBP1-USP5 delivered intrathecally to female mice in the proestrus phase of the estrous cycle. Each point (Panel a) represents the mean ± SEM of mechanical withdrawal thresholds of female mice. Bars (Panel b) represent mean ± SEM of area under curve for mechanical withdrawal threshold (n = 4–7). ### P < 0.001 indicates difference between Sham and vehicle control groups and * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 denotes significance between vehicle control and Tat-cUBP1-USP5 peptide groups (Two-way ANOVA followed by a Newman-Keuls test)