Fig. 5

Activation of LC or application of NA enhances neuronal activities in the ACC in vivo. a Scheme showing the extracellular recording from ACC neurons with electric stimulation in the LC or with the microinjection of NA into the ACC. a Sample trace showing electric stimulation of LC enhances the frequency of spikes in the ACC. a Sample trace showing microinjection of NA into the ACC increases the frequency of spikes in the ACC neurons. d Time course of spikes and bursting duration of the ACC neurons after electric stimulation of the LC in b or microinjection of NA in c. e-f, Sample traces showing local application of a β receptor agonist Isoproterenol (37 μg/0.5 μL) or α1 receptor agonist Phenylephrine (5 μg/0.5 μL) increased the frequency of spikes in the ACC. g Time course of spikes and bursting duration induced by microinjection of Isoproterenol (left) or Phenylephrine (right). h Relative frequency of spikes of ACC neurons induced by LC electric stimulation or microinjection into ACC with NA, Isoproterenol or Phenylephrine (LC stimulation: 226 ± 23% of baseline, n = 7; NA injection; 143 ± 12% of baseline, n = 5; Isoproterenol: 220 ± 33% of baseline, n = 12). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01, compared with baseline. Paired t-test