Fig. 1

Changes in tau phosphorylation and Aβ plaque levels in vatalanib-injected 5xFAD mice. a Molecular structure and weight of vatalanib. b 3-month-old male 5xFAD mice were intraperitoneally injected with vehicle (Veh) or vatalanib (VAT; 20 mg/kg) daily for 14 days and subsequently sacrificed for histological analysis (see Materials and Methods in Additional file 1). c–f Representative images of immunohistochemical staining with tau phosphorylation-related antibodies in vatalanib-injected 5xFAD mice: anti-AT8 (c), anti-AT100 (d),and anti-Tau-5 (e) (n = 4 mice/group). g–i Representative images of immunohistochemical staining with tau kinase-related antibodies in vatalanib-injected 5xFAD mice: anti-p-GSK-3β (g) and anti-p-CDK5 (h) (n = 4 mice/group). j Representative images of immunohistochemical staining with an anti-6E10 antibody in vatalanib-injected 5xFAD mice. k Quantification of Ab intensity, average size, area fraction, and number of Ab plaques per area from (j) (n = 4 mice/group). All histological quantification results for the vatalanib-treated group (+) were normalized by the vehicle-treated group (−). Scale bar = 200 μm. *p < 0.05; *p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001 vs vehicle-treated group. N = number of groups