Fig. 2
From: Simvastatin impairs hippocampal synaptic plasticity and cognitive function in mice
Effects of simvastatin on neurological behavioral performance. a Schematic diagram showing simvastatin treatments, MWM behavioral tests and LTP recordings. MWM: Morris water maze. Veh/Simv: Vehicle/Simvastatin. S.C: Subcutaneous. The simvastatin treatment on the 6-week old mice started on Day 1 and the MWM test was performed after 21-day simvastatin treatments (S.C., 30 mg/kg/day). b Representative heat map traces of mice in the MWM test. c Time spent in finding the platform in mice receiving chronic vehicle or simvastatin treatments. n = 8 per group. d Average values of time spent in the target quadrant and the other three quadrants (opposite, right and the left) during the probe test. n = 8 per group. e, f Average values of swimming distance in finding the platform (e), and swimming speed (f), in mice receiving chronic vehicle or simvastatin treatments. n = 8 per group. g Schematic diagram showing simvastatin treatments, various behavioral tests and LTP recordings. NOR: Novel object recognition; EPM: Elevated plus maze; OFT: Open field test; RT: Rotarod test. h Schematic diagram of the NOR test. i Average values of time the vehicle- and simvastatin-treated mice spent in exploring the familiar (F) and the novel objects (N). n = 14 per group. j Average values of time the mice without NOR training spent in exploring the rectangular Lego and circular Lego. n = 10 per group. k Left: representative traces of mice travelling in the open field test. Right: average values of the travelling distance of the vehicle- and simvastatin-treated mice in the open field. n = 21–22. l Average values of the latency to fall on the rotarod of the vehicle- and simvastatin-treated mice. n = 22 per group. m Left: representative traces of mice moving along the elevated plus maze. Right: average values of the time that the vehicle- and simvastatin-treated mice spent in the open arms and closed arms of the elevated plus maze. n = 18–20. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001 based on unpaired t tests; ns, not significant (P > 0.05)