Skip to main content
Fig. 3 | Molecular Brain

Fig. 3

From: Aversive emotion rapidly activates orexin neurons and increases heart rate in freely moving mice

Fig. 3

Comparison of onset latencies and increasing rate between the change in G-CaMP6 fluorescence and those in the heart rate. A Schematic drawing of the definition of ∆time. ∆time was defined as the difference between the onset of fluorescence change and the onset of the heart rate change. Onset was defined as the time when the signals first exceeded 2SD from the baseline fluctuation. B Plots of Δtime in the three stress experiments (intruder, ultrasonic sound; US, and TMT). Horizontal bars indicate the average value and SEM. One-way ANOVA indicated there was significant statistical difference among stresses (F(2,15) = 14.88, P < 0.0003). Tukey’s multiple comparisons was used as a post hoc test (P values in the figure). C Plots of the slope in G-CaMP6 fluorescence. The slope of the signal increase was defined as (maximum value − baseline value/time at maximum − time at the onset). Horizontal bars indicate the average value and SEM. One-way ANOVA indicated there was statistical difference between stresses (F(2,16) = 6.317, P = 0.0095). Tukey’s multiple comparisons was used as a post hoc test (P values in the figure). D Plots of the slope in heart rate trace. Horizontal bars indicate the average value and SEM. One-way ANOVA indicated there was no statistical difference among stresses (F(2,16) = 2.994, P = 0.0786). Data were sampled in 6 animals

Back to article page