Fig. 1

Expression of intact L1 loci is significantly lower in brain tissues of individuals with ALS or ALSND. a, c The total expression of intact L1 loci is significantly lower in the motor cortex (p = 0.006) and cerebellum (p = 0.04) of individuals with ALS or ALSND compared to controls. b, d There is no significant difference in the level of intact L1 expression in the frontal cortex (p = 0.06) cervical spinal cord of individuals with ALS or ALSND and controls (p = 0.51). Motor cortex- ALS/ALSND n = 92 and NNC n = 15, frontal cortex- ALS/ALSND n = 121 and NNC n = 15, cerebellum- ALS/ALSND n = 133 and NNC n = 14 and spinal cord cervical- ALS/ALSND n = 115 and NNC n = 13. ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ALSND amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and other neurological disorder, NNC non-neurological control, FPM fragments per million