Skip to main content
Fig. 1 | Molecular Brain

Fig. 1

From: Exogenous expression of an allatotropin-related peptide receptor increased the membrane excitability in Aplysia neurons

Fig. 1

apATRP increased the excitability of B1/B2 neurons that were exogenously expressed with the receptor apATRPR. a, b apATRP increased B8 excitability at 10–5 M but not at 10–6 M (F(3, 6) = 14.89, p < 0.01, n = 3 individual neurons from three preparations). Bonferroni post hoc tests: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. Error bars, SE. c, d apATRP had no significant effect on B1/B2 excitability (F(3, 9) = 1.00, p > 0.05, n = 4 individual neurons from four preparations). Error bars, SE. e The caudal surface of a buccal ganglion viewed with a regular light source. B1/B2 and other neurons on the left side were microinjected with plasmids pNEX3-apATRPR and pNEX3-EGFP, and B1/B2 and other neurons on the right side were microinjected with only plasmid pNEX3-EGFP. Arrows indicate the neurons injected with plasmids and expressed the EGFP protein (showed bright fluorescence under a fluorescence microscope, see panel f). Arrowheads indicate the neurons injected with plasmids but did not express the EGFP protein. f B1/B2 neurons on both sides showed bright fluorescence (green, arrows) under a fluorescence microscope. The left B1/B2 neuron expressed apATRPR and EGFP, and the right B1/B2 neuron expressed EGFP. Other neurons marked with arrowheads in (e) did not express injected genes. g, h A magnified view of the injected neurons in (f) showing left B1/B2 neuron (g) and right B1/B2 neuron (h). Scale bar in f: 500 μm (scale bar in f is for e and f); Scale bar in h: 200 μm (scale bar in h is for g and h). i, j At 10–6 M and 10–5 M, apATRP increased B1/B2 excitability (F(3, 9) = 44.84, p < 0.0001, n = 4 individual neurons from three preparations), which expressed the receptor apATRPR. Bonferroni post hoc tests: ***p < 0.001. Error bars, SE. k, l apATRP had no significant effects on B1/B2 neurons that do not express the receptor apATRPR (F(3, 6) = 1.60, p > 0.05, n = 3 individual neurons from three preparations). Bars in a, c, i and k denote current injections. Control groups and wash groups in a, c, i, k were perfused with high divalent saline only, whereas the experimental groups in a, c, i, k were perfused with the neuropeptide apATRP dissolved in high divalent saline

Back to article page