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Fig. 3 | Molecular Brain

Fig. 3

From: Blood–brain barrier: emerging trends on transport models and new-age strategies for therapeutics intervention against neurological disorders

Fig. 3

Activation of TNF-α and TGF-β Signaling by albumin during BBB breakdown induces rapid upregulation of genes associated to inflammation considering NF-ĸβ pathways and complimentary cascades, cytokines and chemokines (IL-6, CcL-2, CcD-7, Cd14) [86]. The pro-inflammatory molecules secreted by microglia and astrocytes contribute to voltage fluctuation in different parts of the brain. The figure is adapted from [87]

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Molecular Brain

ISSN: 1756-6606