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Fig. 3 | Molecular Brain

Fig. 3

From: Object location learning in mice requires hippocampal somatostatin interneuron activity and is facilitated by mTORC1-mediated long-term potentiation of their excitatory synapses

Fig. 3

Conditional knock-out of Rptor in SOM-INs prevents facilitation of object location memory by TBSopto. A Left: schematic of cannulation with representative image of hChR2-mCherry expression of the AAV2/9-CaMKIIa-hChR2(E123T/T159C)-mCherry in dorsal CA1 hippocampus of SOM-Cre-Raptor-KO mice. Right: diagram of behavioral testing sequence (open field and object location memory task). B Experimental protocol of the object location memory task with TBSopto 30 min before the training session. C–G Color coding of groups is as follows. Grey: control mice without TBSopto, n = 9 mice. Blue: mice with TBSopto, n = 10 mice. Dark colors = training, light colors = test. C Representative path traveled during training and test sessions. D Left: graph of total exploration time of objects during the training session, showing no difference between groups (t-test). Middle: graph of the percentage of time spent exploring the mobile object during training and test sessions, showing no difference during training and test sessions in both groups, indicating no facilitation of object location memory by TBSopto in SOM-Cre-Raptor-KO mice. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA, Bonferroni pairwise multiple comparisons. Right: graph of preference ratio showing absence of facilitation of object location memory for SOM-Cre-Raptor-KO mice that received TBSopto (t-test). ns p > 0.05. E Open field. Left: zone separations used for analysis. Right: representative path traveled during the open field test for control and mice receiving TBSopto. F Graphs showing similar time spent in periphery (left) or center (middle), and ratio of time in center/periphery (right), indicating normal anxiety in both groups. Time in periphery and ratio, Mann-Witney Rank Sum Tests. Time in center, t-test. ns p > 0.05. G Graphs showing similar total distance traveled (left) and zone transitions (right) in both groups, indicating normal locomotion (t-tests). ns p > 0.05

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