Figure 2

Long-time step pulses preferentially initiate spikes at the soma of cortical pyramidal neurons under the condition of voltage-clamp recording, but the fluctuated signals induce spikes at the axon. A) A long-time depolarization voltage (50 mV, middle black trace) induces more spikes at the soma (red trace) than at the axon (blue). B) illustrates input–output curves at the soma (red symbols) and the axon (blues; n = 9, p < 0.01). C) A fluctuated voltage signal (cosine-wave, 50 mV; middle black trace) induces more spikes at the axon (blue trace) than at the soma (red). D) shows input–output curves for the axon (blue symbols) and the soma (reds; n = 9, p < 0.01).