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  2. Working memory (WM) is essential for the temporary storage and processing of information required for complex cognitive tasks and relies on neuronal theta and gamma oscillations. Given the limited capacity of ...

    Authors: Wiam Al Qasem, Mohammed Abubaker, Kateřina Pilátová, Petr Ježdík and Eugen Kvašňák
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:72
    Content type: Research Published on:

  3. Abnormalities in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurotransmission play a role in the pathogenesis of autism, although the mechanisms responsible for alterations in specific brain regions remain unclear. D...

    Authors: Zuzana Bačová, Bohumila Jurkovičová-Tarabová, Tomáš Havránek, Denisa Mihalj, Veronika Borbélyová, Zdenko Pirnik, Boris Mravec, Daniela Ostatníková and Ján Bakoš
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:71
    Content type: Research Published on:

  4. Midazolam is widely used for intravenous sedation. However, wide interindividual variability is seen in the sensitivity to midazolam. The association between genetic factors and interindividual differences in ...

    Authors: Yoshihiko Kosaki, Daisuke Nishizawa, Junko Hasegawa, Kaori Yoshida, Kazutaka Ikeda and Tatsuya Ichinohe
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:70
    Content type: Research Published on:

  5. Pain aversion is an avoidance response to painful stimuli. Previous research has indicated that the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is involved in pain aversion processing. However, as interneurons, the role o...

    Authors: Yichen Zhu, Haiju Sun, Siqi Xiao, Zui Shen, Xixiao Zhu, Yifang Wang, Xiaofen He, Boyi Liu, Yongliang Jiang, Yi Liang, Janqiao Fang and Xiaomei Shao
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:69
    Content type: Research Published on:

  6. DHPS deficiency syndrome is an ultra-rare neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD) which results from biallelic mutations in the gene encoding the enzyme deoxyhypusine synthase (DHPS). DHPS is essential to synthesize hy...

    Authors: Elham Shojaeinia, Teresa L. Mastracci, Remon Soliman, Orrin Devinsky, Camila V. Esguerra and Alexander D. Crawford
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:68
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  7. Primary cilia are dynamic sensory organelles that continuously undergo structural modifications in response to environmental and cellular signals, many of which exhibit rhythmic patterns. Building on our previ...

    Authors: Kiki Chen, Kousha Changizi Ashtiani, Roudabeh Vakil Monfared, Pierre Baldi and Amal Alachkar
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:67
    Content type: Research Published on:

  8. TRPM4 is a non-selective cation channel activated by intracellular Ca2+ but only permeable to monovalent cations, its activation regulates membrane potential and intracellular calcium. This channel participates i...

    Authors: Denise Riquelme, Nicole Juanchuto-Viertel, Carlos Álamos and Elias Leiva-Salcedo
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:66
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  9. It is a consensus in the international manned space field that factors such as microgravity during the space flight can cause anxiety, depression and other important brain function abnormalities in astronauts....

    Authors: Yuting Li, Xu Zhang, Zhen Xu, Xixia Chu, Zhiqiang Hu, Zhengyang Ye, Caiqin Li, Zhenbo Wang, Bin Zeng, Jingyu Pan, Qian Zhao, Chengbin Zhou, Zhaohui Lan, Guanghan Kan, Guang He, Xiaodan Xu…
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:65
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  10. Aerobic exercise has many effects on brain function, particularly at the hippocampus. Exercise has been shown to increase the rate of adult neurogenesis within the dentate gyrus and decrease the density of per...

    Authors: Dylan J. Terstege, Duneesha Goonetilleke, Cindy K. Barha and Jonathan R. Epp
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:64
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  12. We previously demonstrated that felodipine, an L-type calcium channel blocker, inhibits LPS-mediated neuroinflammatory responses in BV2 microglial cells and wild-type mice. However, the effects of felodipine o...

    Authors: Jeong-Woo Hwang, Jeongha Kim, Jin-Hee Park, Jinhan Nam, Ji-Yeong Jang, Aran Jo, Hyun-ju Lee and Hyang-Sook Hoe
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:62
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  13. Ischemic stroke (IS) is a severe cerebrovascular disease with high disability and mortality rates, where the inflammatory response is crucial to its progression and prognosis. Efferocytosis, the prompt removal...

    Authors: Yu-sha Liao, Tie-chun Zhang, Yu-qi Tang, Pei Yu, Ya-ning Liu, Jing Yuan and Ling Zhao
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:61
    Content type: Research Published on:

  14. Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a neurological condition characterized by a noticeable decline in cognitive abilities that falls between normal aging and dementia. Along with some biomarkers like GAP-43, Aβ...

    Authors: Mohammad Sadeghi, Ali Azargoonjahromi, Hamide Nasiri, Arash Yaghoobi, Maryam Sadeghi, Seyedeh Saeideh Chavoshi, Shilan Baghaeikia, Nastaran Mahzari, Arina Valipour, Romina Razeghi Oskouei, Farshad Shahkarami, Fatemeh Amiri and Mahsa Mayeli
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:60
    Content type: Research Published on:

  17. Discovery of novel post-translational modifications provides new insights into changes in protein function, localization, and stability. They are also key elements in understanding disease mechanisms and devel...

    Authors: Hiroshi Ageta, Tomoki Nishioka, Hisateru Yamaguchi, Kunihiro Tsuchida and Natsumi Ageta-Ishihara
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:57
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  18. Several prior studies have proposed the involvement of various brain regions and cell types in Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathology. Here, we performed snRNA-seq on the prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate r...

    Authors: Mohammad Dehestani, Velina Kozareva, Cornelis Blauwendraat, Ernest Fraenkel, Thomas Gasser and Vikas Bansal
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:56
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  20. NVA1309 is a non-brain penetrant next-generation gabapentinoid shown to bind Cavα2δ at R243 within a triple Arginine motif forming the binding site for gabapentin and pregabalin. In this study we have compared...

    Authors: Ivana A. Souza, Maria A. Gandini, Md Yousof Ali, Franz Kricek, George Skouteris and Gerald W. Zamponi
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:54
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  21. Human embryonic stem cells and human induced pluripotent stem cells may be used to create 3D tissues called brain organoids. They duplicate the physiological and pathological characteristics of human brain tis...

    Authors: Ying Su, Aimei Liu, Hongguang Chen, Qingjie Chen, Bo Zhao, Runze Gao, Kangwei Zhang, Tie Peng, Zhenwang Zhang, Changhan Ouyang and Dan Zhu
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:53
    Content type: Review Published on:

  22. Activation of astrocytes after sensory stimulation has been reported to be involved in increased blood flow in the central nervous system. In the present study, using a chemogenetic method to induce astrocyte ...

    Authors: Takashi Ogino, Masakazu Agetsuma, Masato Sawada, Hiroyuki Inada, Junichi Nabekura and Kazunobu Sawamoto
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:52
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  23. This study explores the behavioral effects of modulating CaMKII-positive (CaMKII+) neurons in the posterior hypothalamus (PH). Utilizing a chemogenetic approach in mice, we discovered that the activation of Ca...

    Authors: Changwoo Lee, Changsu Woo, Gyeong Ryeong Ma, Kyuhyun Choi, Shin Jung Kang and Ki Soon Shin
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:51
    Content type: Research Published on:

  24. Neuroactive steroids (NASs) directly affect neuronal excitability. Despite their role in the nervous system is intimately linked to pain control, knowledge is currently limited. This study investigates the per...

    Authors: Soon-Gu Kwon, Hoon-Seong Choi, Seo-Yeon Yoon, Dae-Hyun Roh and Jang-Hern Lee
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:50
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  25. Neurexin-3 (Nrxn3) has been genetically associated with obesity, but the underlying neural mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the role of Nrxn3 in the paraventricular nucleus ...

    Authors: Mingdao Mu, Haoyu Sun, Shuyan Geng, Tianxiang Xu, Chuanyao Sun, Zixu Zhang, Sibie Meng, Moyi Li, An Liu, Zhiyuan Yang and Wei Xie
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:49
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  26. Stroke is a significant global burden, causing extensive morbidity and mortality. In metabolic states where glucose is limited, ketone bodies, predominantly β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), act as alternative fuel sou...

    Authors: Ge Feng, Zongkai Wu, Leyi Yang, Kaimeng Wang and Hebo Wang
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:48
    Content type: Review Published on:

  27. In this study, we examined how systemic inflammation affects repair of brain injury. To this end, we created a brain-injury model by stereotaxic injection of ATP, a damage-associated molecular pattern componen...

    Authors: Sushil Gaire, Jiawei An, Haijie Yang, Keon Ah Lee, Manisha Dumre, Eun Jeong Lee, Sang-Myun Park and Eun-Hye Joe
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:47
    Content type: Research Published on:

  28. The ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) serves as a central hub for descending pain modulation. It receives upstream projections from the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the ventrolateral orbitofront...

    Authors: Wing Lam Yu, Zizhen Zhang and Gerald W. Zamponi
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:46
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  29. Identifying sensitive and specific measures that can quantify myelin are instrumental in characterizing microstructural changes in neurological conditions. Neuroimaging transcriptomics is emerging as a valuabl...

    Authors: Jaimie J. Lee, Paulina S. Scheuren, Hanwen Liu, Ryan W. J. Loke, Cornelia Laule, Catrina M. Loucks and John L.K. Kramer
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:45
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  31. Dorsal switch protein 1(DSP1), a mammalian homolog of HMGB1, is firstly identified as a dorsal co-repressor in 1994. DSP1 contains HMG-box domain and functions as a transcriptional regulator in Drosophila melanog...

    Authors: Si-Eun Baek, Younghwi Kwon, Jong-Won Yoon, Hyo-Sung Kim, Jae-Yoon Yang, Dong-Seok Lee and Eunbyul Yeom
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:43
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  33. The cerebellum plays an important role in cognitive and social functioning. Childhood damage in the cerebellum increases the risk of autism spectrum disorder. Cerebellar inflammation induces social avoidance i...

    Authors: Ayumu Inutsuka, Aisa Hattori, Masahide Yoshida, Yuki Takayanagi and Tatsushi Onaka
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:41
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  34. Alternative splicing (AS) contributes to the biological heterogeneity between species, sexes, tissues, and cell types. Many diseases are either caused by alterations in AS or by alterations to AS. Therefore, m...

    Authors: Emma F. Jones, Timothy C. Howton, Victoria L. Flanary, Amanda D. Clark and Brittany N. Lasseigne
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:40
    Content type: Research Published on:

  35. Areca nut, the seed of Areca catechu L., is one of the most widely consumed addictive substances in the world after nicotine, ethanol, and caffeine. The major effective constituent of A. catechu, arecoline, ha...

    Authors: Qi-Yu Chen, Yuxiang Zhang, Yujie Ma and Min Zhuo
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:39
    Content type: Research Published on:

  36. Memory retrieval can become difficult over time, but it is important to note that memories that appear to be forgotten might still be stored in the brain, as shown by their occasional spontaneous retrieval. Hi...

    Authors: Yuto Yokoi, Ayame Kubo, Kyoka Nishimura, Yuki Takamura, Yoshikazu Morishita, Masabumi Minami and Hiroshi Nomura
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:38
    Content type: Research Published on:

  37. The potential role of the ghrelin receptor, also known as the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR), within the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) in regulating drug addiction and feeding has been documented; howe...

    Authors: Seohyeon Lee, Wen Ting Cai, Hyung Shin Yoon and Jeong-Hoon Kim
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:37
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  38. Chronic perturbations of neuronal activity can evoke homeostatic and new setpoints for neurotransmission. Using chemogenetics to probe the relationship between neuronal cell types and behavior, we recently fou...

    Authors: Muhammad O. Chohan, Amy B. Lewandowski, Rebecca N. Siegel, Kally C. O’Reilly and Jeremy Veenstra-VanderWeele
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:36
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  39. The brain responds to experience through modulation of synaptic transmission, that is synaptic plasticity. An increase in the strength of synaptic transmission is manifested as long-term potentiation (LTP), wh...

    Authors: Roberta Cagnetta, Jean-Claude Lacaille and Nahum Sonenberg
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:35
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  41. Loss-of-function mutations in the progranulin (GRN) gene are an autosomal dominant cause of Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD). These mutations typically result in haploinsufficiency of the progranulin protein. Grn+/–

    Authors: Anna K. Cook, Kelsey M. Greathouse, Phaedra N. Manuel, Noelle H. Cooper, Juliana M. Eberhardt, Cameron D. Freeman, Audrey J. Weber, Jeremy H. Herskowitz and Andrew E. Arrant
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:33
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  44. The Hypothalmic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis also known as the HPA axis is central to stress response. It also acts as the relay center between the body and the brain. We analysed hypothalamic proteome from mice sub...

    Authors: Shiladitya Mitra, Ghantasala S. Sameer Kumar, Anumita Samanta, Mathias V. Schmidt and Suman S. Thakur
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:30
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  45. Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic condition that causes widespread pain, fatigue, and other symptoms that significantly affect quality of life. The underlying mechanisms of fibromyalgia involve both the immune sy...

    Authors: María Teresa Vega-Ramírez, Enrique Becerril-Villanueva, José Luis Maldonado-García, Lenin Pavón and Gilberto Pérez-Sánchez
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:29
    Content type: Nano review Published on:

  46. The aggregated alpha-synuclein (αsyn) in oligodendrocytes (OLGs) is one of the pathological hallmarks in multiple system atrophy (MSA). We have previously reported that αsyn accumulates not only in neurons but...

    Authors: Tomoyuki Ishimoto, Miki Oono, Seiji Kaji, Takashi Ayaki, Katsuya Nishida, Itaru Funakawa, Takakuni Maki, Shu-ichi Matsuzawa, Ryosuke Takahashi and Hodaka Yamakado
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:28
    Content type: Research Published on:

  47. Itch is a protective/defensive function with divalent motivational drives. Itch itself elicits an unpleasant experience, which triggers the urge to scratch, relieving the itchiness. Still, it can also result i...

    Authors: Sanae Inokuchi-Sakata, Ryo Narita, Yukari Takahashi, Yozo Ishiuji, Akihiko Asahina and Fusao Kato
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:27
    Content type: Research Published on:

  48. Aggregation of misfolded α-synuclein (α-syn) is a key characteristic feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and related synucleinopathies. The nature of these aggregates and their contribution to cellular dysfunc...

    Authors: Casey J. Lumpkin, Hiral Patel, Gregory K. Potts, Shilpi Chaurasia, Lauren Gibilisco, Gyan P. Srivastava, Janice Y. Lee, Nathan J. Brown, Patricia Amarante, Jon D. Williams, Eric Karran, Matthew Townsend, Dori Woods and Brinda Ravikumar
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:26
    Content type: Research Published on:

  50. CD11c-positive (CD11c+) microglia have attracted considerable attention because of their potential implications in central nervous system (CNS) development, homeostasis, and disease. However, the spatiotemporal d...

    Authors: Kohei Nomaki, Risako Fujikawa, Takahiro Masuda and Makoto Tsuda
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2024 17:24
    Content type: Research Published on:
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