Figure 5

Effects of sevoflurane preconditioning on proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines and neuronal apoptosis after spinal cord ischemia reperfusion (IR). (A-B) Representative western blot and quantitative protein analysis of Iba-1 and MMP-9 in the spinal cord 36 h after surgery. Relative integral density values (IDVs) were calculated after normalizing to the sham group in each sample. (C-E) Quantification of CXCL-10, CCL2, and IL-1β production in the spinal cord 36 h after IR injury, as assessed by ELISA. Sevoflurane preconditioning prevented IR-induced microglial activation and significant increases in the products of proinflammatory chemokines (CXCL10 and CCL2) and cytokines (IL-1β) 36 h after IR injury. Similar anti-inflammatory effects were observed after intrathecal injection of MMP-9 siRNA. All data are presented as mean±SEM. **P < 0.05 vs. sham group; ^##P < 0.05 vs. IR group.