Fig. 4

Closed-loop cortical and thalamic seizure activity was induced by corpus callosum stimulation after applying 4-AP. a The left panel shows the electrical probe location in the corpus callosum (blue bar) and a multichannel recording probe in the S1 and thalamus. The optic fiber was inserted above the nRT. b The right panel shows field potentials that were recorded by a multichannel electrode in S1 and the fast Fourier transform (FFT). The FFT power significantly increased at the onset of seizure activity. Vertical lines are artifacts from corpus callosum stimulation. Seizure oscillations in the S1 and thalamus were recorded after corpus callosum stimulation. c Cross correlation of cortical and thalamic seizure activity. The sweep period was divided into pre-seizure (a) and post-seizure (b-d) periods. d Cross correlograms of activity in periods a to e. The results showed a positive correlation in the pre-seizure period (a) and negative correlations in the post-seizure periods (b-e). e Plot of peak latency of cross correlation coefficients during the post-seizure periods (b-e)