Fig. 1

Gross morphology and glial activation on brain sections of the post-stroke brain. a Cresyl violet-stained brain sections and mouse brains at day 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 post-stroke. Arrows indicate the ischemic regions. Dotted circles show the debris covering the ischemic lesion. b Typical ramified microglia and resting astroglia on the control (sham-operated) cortex. Immunostaining with anti-Iba1 and anti-GFAP antibody on the control cortex, respectively. Scale bar = 10 μm. c Activation of microglia and astroglia in the post-stroke brain. Immunostaining with anti-Iba1 and anti-GFAP antibody in the peri-ischemic region of the ipsilateral cortex at day 1, 7, and 14 (d1, d7, d14), respectively. Scale bar = 10 μm (middle panels), 100 μm (upper and lower panels). The higher magnification images are shown in the rectangles