Fig. 1

HDAC6 is required for dendrite development in hippocampal neurons. a Knockdown effect of HDAC6 shRNA on HDAC6 expression. The HDAC6 level (red) was decreased in HDAC6 shRNA expressing neurons (venus), but expression of HDAC6 shRNA resistant HDAC6 mutant recovered the HDAC6 level in HDAC6 knockdown neurons. Scale bar, 20 μm. b Hippocampal neurons expressing HDAC6 shRNA. Scale bar, 50 μm. c Sholl graphs of neurons expressing Venus or HDAC6 shRNA or HDAC6 shRNA together with shRNA resistant HDAC6. Data represents average of three independent experiments (n = 10 for each group in each experiment). d-f Quantification of the number of primary dendrites (d), longest dendrite length (e) and total dendrite length (f). g, h HDAC6 did not affect axon specification. The number of axons in neuron was calculated by AnkG positive neurite. g Hippocampal neurons expressing Venus (green) or both Venus and HDAC6 shRNA were stained by AnkG (red). Nucleus was stained by Hoechst (blue). Scale bar, 50 μm. h Quantification of the percentage of neurons with 0, 1, 2, or more axons. (control, n = 62; HDAC6 KD, n = 64) *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 by two-tailed Student’s t-test (unless otherwise indicated). The symbol # represents the number. Error bar means ± S.E.M.