Fig. 1
From: Avoidance memory requires CaMKII activity to persist after recall
Hippocampal CaMKII is required for fear-motivated avoidance memory reconsolidation. a HAN and PEX SDIA-trained animals submitted to RA received intra-CA1 VEH or AIP 5-min post-RA and retention was tested 24-h later. b–h PEX-animals were treated as in a, except that b memory was evaluated 7-days post-RA; c VEH or AIP were given 6-h post-RA; d RA was omitted; e a 0.4-mA/2-s footshock was given at TR; f memory was evaluated 3-h post-RA; g they were submitted to single SDIA-preexposure session; h RA lasted 5-s. i HAN and PEX SDIA-trained animals were or were not (NR) submitted to RA 24-h post-training and 5-min later killed by decapitation to determine dorsal-CA1 αCaMKII and p-Thr286 αCaMKII levels by immunoblotting. j Microphotographs showing GFP-reported archaerhodopsin-T expression. k Representative spectrogram and normalized theta (θ), slow-gamma (γS) and fast-gamma (γF) power showing the effect of yellow-light MS stimulation on dorsal-CA1 LFPs. l Left. Mean power ratio (1–100 Hz) during RA for PEX-animals expressing archaerhodopsin-T; bold lines: group mean, shaded areas: SEM. Right. Filtered LFP, comodulograms and theta/gamma modulation index (MI). m SDIA-trained PEX-animals expressing archaerhodopsin-T were submitted to RA during which the MS was not stimulated (LightOFF) or stimulated with blue-light (BlueON) or yellow-light (YellowON). An additional group received 40-s-long yellow-light immediately after RA (YellowON Post-RA). Following these manipulations, rats received intra-dorsal-CA1 VEH or AIP. Retention was evaluated 24-h later. n PEX-animals trained in SDIA (0.4-mA/2 s) received AIP 5-min post-RA. One day later, the animals were subjected to a test session and when they stepped-down from the platform, they were retrained (Reacq.; 0.4-mA/2 s) and received intra-CA1 VEH or ANI 5-min thereafter. Retention was evaluated 24-h later. o PEX-animals trained in SDIA (0.4-mA/2 s) received intra-CA1 VEH or ANI 5-min thereafter and retention was evaluated 24-h later. #p < 0.05 in one-sample Student’s t-test, theoretical mean = 1. Data expressed as median ± IQR or mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Details of the statistical analyses are presented in Additional file 1: Table S1