Fig. 1

Deleting IP6K1 increases the expression of Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase-α1, decreases action potential frequency, and expands the hyperpolarization phase in the cerebral cortex of mice. A, B Western blot and quantification of Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase-α1 protein expression in the cerebral cortex of WT and IP6K1 KO mice. Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase-α1 expression was increased in IP6K1 KO mice (n = 3; normalized to GAPDH). C Immunostaining showed that Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase-α1 expression of neuronal cells in IP6K1 KO mice brains was increased. Neuronal nuclei antigen (NeuN) stained mature neuronal cells, and Hoechst 33342 labeled nuclei. Scale bars, 10 μm. D Line intensity plots of marked neurons in (C) showed that Na + /K + -ATPase-α1 expression was increased in the membrane and cytoplasm of IP6K1 KO neurons. E, F IP6K1 KO neurons displayed diminished action potential frequency. Data represent mean ± SEM, Student’s t-test, n = 8 mice per group. G IP6K1 KO neurons exhibit a higher magnitude of the hyperpolarization phase of the action potential