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  1. The topographic projection of afferent terminals into two-dimensional maps is essential for sensory systems to encode the locations of sensory stimuli. In vertebrates, guidance cues are critical for establishi...

    Authors: Ruonan Li, Yuhua Liang, Siyang Zheng, Qun He and Limin Yang

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:109

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  2. It is agreed upon that adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) occurs in the dentate gyrus (DG) in rodents. However, the existence of AHN in humans, particularly in elderly individuals, remains to be determined. ...

    Authors: Hideo Hagihara, Tomoyuki Murano, Koji Ohira, Miki Miwa, Katsuki Nakamura and Tsuyoshi Miyakawa

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:108

    Content type: Review

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  3. Bipolar disorder is a major mental illness characterized by severe swings in mood and activity levels which occur with variable amplitude and frequency. Attempts have been made to identify mood states and biol...

    Authors: Hideo Hagihara, Tomoyasu Horikawa, Yasuhiro Irino, Hironori K. Nakamura, Juzoh Umemori, Hirotaka Shoji, Masaru Yoshida, Yukiyasu Kamitani and Tsuyoshi Miyakawa

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:107

    Content type: Research

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  4. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most devastating neurodegenerative disorder. Due to the increase in population and longevity, incidence will triple by the middle of the twenty-first century. So far, no treatme...

    Authors: Yingshuo Xu, Guiran Xiao, Li Liu and Minglin Lang

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:106

    Content type: Review

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  5. Peripheral nerve injury can lead to remodeling of brain circuits, and this can cause chronification of pain. We have recently reported that male mice subjected to spared injury of the sciatic nerve undergo cha...

    Authors: Vinicius M. Gadotti, Zizhen Zhang, Junting Huang and Gerald W. Zamponi

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:105

    Content type: Micro report

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  7. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a degenerative motor neuron disease that has been linked to defective DNA repair. Many familial ALS patients harbor autosomal dominant mutations in the gene encoding the ...

    Authors: Haibo Wang, Suganya Rangaswamy, Manohar Kodavati, Joy Mitra, Wenting Guo, Erika N. Guerrero, Ludo Van Den Bosch and Muralidhar L. Hegde

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:103

    Content type: Micro report

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  8. This study aimed to evaluate the specific regulatory roles of microRNA-146a (miRNA-146a) in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and explore the related regulatory mechanisms. A rat model of TLE was established by int...

    Authors: Hui Huang, Guiyun Cui, Hai Tang, Lingwen Kong, Xiaopeng Wang, Chenchen Cui, Qihua Xiao and Huiming Ji

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:102

    Content type: Research

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  9. Schwann cells experience de-differentiation, proliferation, migration, re-differentiation and myelination, and participate in the repair and regeneration of injured peripheral nerves. Our previous sequencing a...

    Authors: Hongkui Wang, Ping Zhang, Jun Yu, Fuchao Zhang, Wenzhao Dai and Sheng Yi

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:101

    Content type: Research

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  11. FKBP5 encodes the FK506 binding protein 5, a glucocorticoid receptor (GR) binding protein known to play an important role in the physiological stress response. However, results from previous studies examining the...

    Authors: Joonhong Kwon, Yeong Jae Kim, Koeul Choi, Sihwan Seol and Hyo Jung Kang

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:99

    Content type: Micro report

    Published on:

  12. We have examined the regulation of mutually exclusive Cav2.2 exon 37a and b variants by the mouse μ-opioid receptor (mMOR) C-terminal splice variants 1, 1C and 1O in tsA-201 cells. Electrophysiological analyse...

    Authors: Maria A. Gandini, Ivana A. Souza, Dvij Raval, Jin Xu, Ying-Xian Pan and Gerald W. Zamponi

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:98

    Content type: Short report

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  13. Postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) is a pivotal postsynaptic scaffolding protein in excitatory neurons. Although the transport and regulation of PSD-95 in synaptic regions is well understood, dendritic t...

    Authors: Ki-Seo Yoo, Kina Lee, Jun-Young Oh, Hyoeun Lee, Hyungju Park, Young Seok Park and Hyong Kyu Kim

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:97

    Content type: Research

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  15. Mutations in protocadherin 19 (PCDH19), which is on the X-chromosome, cause the brain disease Epilepsy in Females with Mental Retardation (EFMR). EFMR is also often associated with autism-like symptoms. In mice a...

    Authors: Jisoo Lim, Jiin Ryu, Shinwon Kang, Hyun Jong Noh and Chul Hoon Kim

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:95

    Content type: Micro report

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  16. Grb2-associated regulator of Erk/MAPK (GAREM), is an adaptor protein related to the several cell growth factor receptor-signaling. The GAREM family has two subtypes, GAREM1 and GAREM2, both encoded in the huma...

    Authors: Tasuku Nishino, Kota Tamada, Akane Maeda, Takaya Abe, Hiroshi Kiyonari, Yasuhiro Funahashi, Kozo Kaibuchi, Toru Takumi and Hiroaki Konishi

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:94

    Content type: Research

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  17. The growth cone is a specialized structure that forms at the tip of extending axons in developing and regenerating neurons. This structure is essential for accurate synaptogenesis at developmental stages, and ...

    Authors: Yuya Ishikawa, Masayasu Okada, Atsuko Honda, Yasuyuki Ito, Atsushi Tamada, Naoto Endo and Michihiro Igarashi

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:93

    Content type: Research

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  18. We report the identification of a de novo GABRA1 (R214C) variant in a child with epileptic encephalopathy (EE), describe its functional characterization and pathophysiology, and evaluate its potential therapeutic...

    Authors: Yun-Fei Bai, Michelle Chiu, Elizabeth S. Chan, Peter Axerio-Cilies, Jie Lu, Linda Huh, Mary B. Connolly, Ilaria Guella, Matthew J. Farrer, Zhi-Qing David Xu, Lidong Liu, Michelle Demos and Yu Tian Wang

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:92

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Molecular Brain 2020 13:50

  19. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous group of complex neurodevelopmental disorders without a unique or definite underlying pathogenesis. Although savant syndrome is common in ASD, few models are a...

    Authors: Jinjing Song, Xiujuan Yang, Ying Zhou, Lei Chen, Xu Zhang, Zhuxi Liu, Weibo Niu, Nengpeng Zhan, Xuelian Fan, Abdul Aziz Khan, Yifang Kuang, Lulu Song, Guang He and Weidong Li

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:91

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  20. The hippocampus has been known to process temporal information as part of memory formation. While time cells have been observed in the hippocampus and medial entorhinal cortex, a number of the behavioral tasks...

    Authors: William D. Marks, Hisayuki Osanai, Jun Yamamoto, Sachie K. Ogawa and Takashi Kitamura

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:90

    Content type: Micro report

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  22. Increasing evidence suggests there is a relationship between cognitive impairment and metabolic dysfunction. Diabetes is a chronic disease, and metabolic factors affecting brain metabolisms, such as serum gluc...

    Authors: Young-Suk Choi, Jae Eun Song, Jong Eun Lee, Eosu Kim, Chul Hoon Kim, Dong-Hyun Kim and Ho-Taek Song

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:88

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  23. Parkinson’s disease (PD), classically defined as a progressive motor disorder accompanied with dopaminergic neuron loss and presence of Lewy bodies, is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. PD also...

    Authors: Milos Stanojlovic, Jean Pierre Pallais, Michael K. Lee and Catherine M. Kotz

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:87

    Content type: Research

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  24. Two paternally-inherited missense variants in CACNA1H were identified and characterized in a 6-year-old child with generalized epilepsy. Febrile and unprovoked seizures were present in this child. Both variants w...

    Authors: Ivana A. Souza, Maria A. Gandini, Fang-Xiong Zhang, Wendy G. Mitchell, Joyce Matsumoto, Jason Lerner, Tyler Mark Pierson and Gerald W. Zamponi

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:86

    Content type: Short report

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  27. The Fc gamma receptor I (FcγRI; CD64) is the high-affinity receptor of the immunoglobulin G protein (IgG). It is usually expressed in immune cells and has recently been identified to distribute in the nervous ...

    Authors: Yingxia Liang, Zhiyu Zhang, Zhaodong Juan, Rui Zhang and Can Zhang

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:83

    Content type: Micro report

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  28. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social communication deficits and repetitive behaviors. Owing to the difficulty of clinical diagnosis, ASD without intellectual ...

    Authors: Masatoshi Nakata, Ryo Kimura, Yasuko Funabiki, Tomonari Awaya, Toshiya Murai and Masatoshi Hagiwara

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:82

    Content type: Micro report

    Published on:

  29. Presynaptic CaV2.2 channels control calcium entry that triggers neurotransmitter release at both central and peripheral synapses. The Cacna1b gene encodes the α1-pore forming subunit of CaV2.2 channels. Distinct ...

    Authors: Alexandra Bunda, Brianna LaCarubba, Melanie Bertolino, Marie Akiki, Kevin Bath, Javier Lopez-Soto, Diane Lipscombe and Arturo Andrade

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:81

    Content type: Research

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  30. Selective attention modulates sensory cortical activity. It remains unclear how auditory cortical activity represents stimuli that differ behaviorally. We designed a cross-modality task in which mice made deci...

    Authors: Pan-tong Yao, Jia Shen, Liang Chen, Shaoyu Ge and Qiaojie Xiong

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:80

    Content type: Research

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  31. Morphine tolerance developed after repeated or continuous morphine treatment is a global health concern hindering the control of chronic pain. In our previous research, we have reported that the expression of ...

    Authors: Yingqi Weng, Jing Wu, Lin Li, Jiali Shao, Zhengyiqi Li, Meiling Deng and Wangyuan Zou

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:79

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  32. Ferroptosis, a newly discovered form of iron-dependent regulated cell death, has been implicated in traumatic brain injury (TBI). MiR-212-5p has previously been reported to be downregulated in extracellular ve...

    Authors: Xiao Xiao, Youjing Jiang, Weibo Liang, Yanyun Wang, Shuqiang Cao, He Yan, Linbo Gao and Lin Zhang

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:78

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  33. Ginseng has been shown to produce a cognitive improvement effect. The key molecular components in ginseng that produce pharmacological effects are ginsenosides. Previous studies reported a memory improvement e...

    Authors: Junho Han, Jung-Pyo Oh, Miran Yoo, Chang-Hao Cui, Byeong-Min Jeon, Sun-Chang Kim and Jin-Hee Han

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:77

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  34. Central sensitization plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of chronic pain induced by chronic pancreatitis (CP), but cortical modulation of painful CP remains elusive. This study was designed to examine the...

    Authors: Yang Bai, Li-Tian Ma, Yan-Bing Chen, Dan Ren, Ying-Biao Chen, Ying-Qi Li, Hong-Ke Sun, Xin-Tong Qiu, Ting Zhang, Ming-Ming Zhang, Xi-Nan Yi, Tao Chen, Hui Li, Bo-Yuan Fan and Yun-Qing Li

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:76

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  35. Ankyrin B (AnkB) is an adaptor and scaffold for motor proteins and various ion channels that is ubiquitously expressed, including in the brain. AnkB has been associated with neurological disorders such as epil...

    Authors: Catherine S. W. Choi, Ivana A. Souza, Juan C. Sanchez-Arias, Gerald W. Zamponi, Laura T. Arbour and Leigh Anne Swayne

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:75

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  37. Cav3.2 calcium channels play a key role in nociceptive signaling in the primary afferent pain pathway. We have previously reported the regulation of Cav3.2 calcium channels by the deubiquitinase USP5 and its i...

    Authors: Agustin Garcia-Caballero, Fang-Xiong Zhang, Lina Chen, Said M’Dahoma, Junting Huang and Gerald W. Zamponi

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:73

    Content type: Short report

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  38. Postsynaptic density (PSD) fractions were isolated from rat forebrain and sonicated. Pellets from sonicated samples examined by electron microscopy revealed particles with an electron density similar to PSDs t...

    Authors: Ayse Dosemeci, Jung-Hwa Tao-Cheng, Valerie Bakly and Thomas S. Reese

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:72

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  39. The P2Y12 receptor (P2Y12R) is a purinoceptor that is selectively expressed in microglia in the central nervous system. As a signature receptor, microglial P2Y12R mediates process chemotaxis towards ADP/ATP gr...

    Authors: Jiyun Peng, Yong Liu, Anthony D. Umpierre, Manling Xie, Dai-Shi Tian, Jason R. Richardson and Long-Jun Wu

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:71

    Content type: Research

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  41. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine (FLX) is widely used to treat depression and anxiety disorders. Chronic FLX treatment reportedly induces cellular responses in the brain, including increas...

    Authors: Koji Ohira, Hideo Hagihara, Miki Miwa, Katsuki Nakamura and Tsuyoshi Miyakawa

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:69

    Content type: Research

    Published on:

  42. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder associated with memories of traumatic experiences. Recent studies have shown that the forgetting of contextual fear memory is promoted via increa...

    Authors: Rie Ishikawa, Chiaki Uchida, Shiho Kitaoka, Tomoyuki Furuyashiki and Satoshi Kida

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:68

    Content type: Short report

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  43. LIMK1 and LIMK2 are key downstream targets to mediate the effects of the Rho family small GTPases and p21-activated kinases (PAK) in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. LIMKs are also critical for synapt...

    Authors: Rui Mao, Rui Deng, Yan Wei, Lifang Han, Yanghong Meng, Wei Xie and Zhengping Jia

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:67

    Content type: Research

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  44. Poly-arginine peptide-18 (R18) has recently emerged as a highly effective neuroprotective agent in experimental stroke models, and is particularly efficacious in protecting cortical neurons against glutamic ac...

    Authors: Gabriella MacDougall, Ryan S. Anderton, Frank L. Mastaglia, Neville W. Knuckey and Bruno P. Meloni

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:66

    Content type: Research

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  45. Protein synthesis is crucial for maintaining synaptic plasticity and synaptic signalling. Here we have attempted to understand the role of RNA binding proteins, Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP) and ...

    Authors: Preeti Madhav Kute, Sarayu Ramakrishna, Nagammal Neelagandan, Sumantra Chattarji and Ravi. S. Muddashetty

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:65

    Content type: Research

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  46. Glutamate receptors of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) family are coincident detectors of pre- and postsynaptic activity, allowing Ca2+ influx into neurons. These properties are central to neurological disease me...

    Authors: Hannah Warming, Chrysia-Maria Pegasiou, Aleksandra P. Pitera, Hanna Kariis, Steven D. Houghton, Ksenia Kurbatskaya, Aminul Ahmed, Paul Grundy, Girish Vajramani, Diederik Bulters, Xavier Altafaj, Katrin Deinhardt and Mariana Vargas-Caballero

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:64

    Content type: Short report

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  47. The transcription factor Foxg1 is known to be continuously expressed at a high level in mature neurons in the telencephalon, but little is known about its role in neural plasticity. Mutations in human FOXG1 cause...

    Authors: Baocong Yu, Junhua Liu, Mingzhao Su, Chunlian Wang, Huanxin Chen and Chunjie Zhao

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:63

    Content type: Research

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  48. This study describes the interaction between Cav2 calcium channels and Rabconnectin-3, a di-subunit protein that is associated with synaptic vesicles. Immunostaining reveals that both Rabconnectin-3α (RB-3α) a...

    Authors: Maria A. Gandini, Ivana A. Souza, Jing Fan, Katherine Li, Decheng Wang and Gerald W. Zamponi

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:62

    Content type: Short report

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  49. The human-immunodeficiency virus (HIV) envelope protein gp120 promotes synaptic damage similar to that observed in people living with HIV who have neurocognitive disorders. The neurotoxic effect of gp120 appea...

    Authors: Valeria Avdoshina, Francesca Taraballi, Ennio Tasciotti, Aykut Üren and Italo Mocchetti

    Citation: Molecular Brain 2019 12:61

    Content type: Micro report

    Published on:

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