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  1. Cognitive dysfunction increases as menopause progresses. We previously found that estrogen receptors (ERs) contribute to dyslipidemia, but the specific relationship between ERs, dyslipidemia and cognitive dysf...

    Authors: Qinghai Meng, Ying Chao, Shurui Zhang, Xue Ding, Han Feng, Chenyan Zhang, Bowen Liu, Weijie Zhu, Yu Li, Qichun Zhang, Huangjin Tong, Lixing Wu and Huimin Bian
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:80
    Content type: Research Published on:

  2. Protein kinases are responsible for protein phosphorylation and are involved in important intracellular signal transduction pathways in various cells, including neurons; however, a considerable number of poorl...

    Authors: Di Ja Lasham, Reza K. Arta, Abdul Fuad Hadi, Jun Egawa, Vance P. Lemmon, Toshiyuki Takasugi, Michihiro Igarashi and Toshiyuki Someya
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:79
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  3. A critical feature of episodic memory formation is to associate temporally segregated events as an episode, called temporal association learning. The medial entorhinal cortical-hippocampal (EC-HPC) networks is...

    Authors: Jun Yokose, Naoki Yamamoto, Sachie K. Ogawa and Takashi Kitamura
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:78
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  4. Optogenetics has revolutionised neuroscience research, but at the same time has brought a plethora of new variables to consider when designing an experiment with AAV-based targeted gene delivery. Some concerns...

    Authors: Sanaz Ansarifar, Gabija AndreikÄ—, Milad Nazari, Rodrigo Labouriau, Sadegh Nabavi and Andrea Moreno
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:77
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  5. Familial hemiplegic migraine type-1 (FHM-1) is a form of migraine with aura caused by mutations in the P/Q-type (Cav2.1) voltage-gated calcium channel. Pregabalin, used clinically in the treatment of chronic p...

    Authors: Stuart M. Cain, Sascha R. A. Alles, Ray Gopaul, Louis-Philippe Bernier, Andrew C. Yung, Andrew Bauman, Yi Yang, Glen B. Baker, Piotr Kozlowski, Brian A. MacVicar and Terrance P. Snutch
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:76
    Content type: Research Published on:

  6. Non-familial Alzheimer’s disease (AD) occurring before 65 years of age is commonly referred to as early-onset Alzheimer’s disease (EOAD) and constitutes ~ 5–6% of all AD cases (Mendez et al. in Continuum 25:34...

    Authors: Phoebe Valdes, Kenneth W. Henry, Michael Q. Fitzgerald, Koushik Muralidharan, Andrew B. Caldwell, Srinivasan Ramachandran, Lawrence S. B. Goldstein, William C. Mobley, Douglas R. Galasko and Shankar Subramaniam
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:75
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  7. Necroptosis is known to play an important role in the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia; however, its role in the occurrence of secondary thalamic injury after focal cerebral infarction and the mechanism ab...

    Authors: Yanyan Tang, Quanhong Chu, Guanfeng Xie, Yafu Tan, Ziming Ye and Chao Qin
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:74
    Content type: Research Published on:

  8. Calcium ions (Ca2+) play pivotal roles in regulating diverse brain functions, including cognition, emotion, locomotion, and learning and memory. These functions are intricately regulated by a variety of Ca2+-depe...

    Authors: Yeon Hee Kook, Hyoin Lee, Jinsu Lee, Yeonji Jeong, Jaerang Rho, Won Do Heo and Sangkyu Lee
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:73
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  9. The major neuropathologic feature of Parkinson’s disease is the presence of widespread intracellular inclusions of α-synuclein known as Lewy bodies. Evidence suggests that these misfolded protein inclusions sp...

    Authors: Dayana Pérez-Acuña, Soo Jean Shin, Ka Hyun Rhee, Sang Jeong Kim and Seung-Jae Lee
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:72
    Content type: Research Published on:

  11. Inflammatory pain is a commonly observed clinical symptom in a range of acute and chronic diseases. However, the mechanism of inflammatory pain is far from clear yet. Rab11a, a small molecule guanosine triphos...

    Authors: Jun-Xiang Gu, Jian Wang, Fu-Juan Ma, Miao-Miao Liu, Si-Hai Chen, Yi Wei, Yi-Fan Xiao, Pei-Yuan Lv, Xin Liu, Jian-Qiang Qu, Xian-Xia Yan and Tao Chen
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:70
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. Novelty-induced memory consolidation is a well-established phenomenon that depends on the activation of a locus coeruleus-hippocampal circuit. It is associated with the expression of activity-dependent genes t...

    Authors: Kristoffer Højgaard, Bianka Szöllősi, Kim Henningsen, Natsumi Minami, Nobuhiro Nakanishi, Erik Kaadt, Makoto Tamura, Richard G.M. Morris, Tomonori Takeuchi and Betina Elfving
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:69
    Content type: Research Published on:

  13. T-type calcium channelopathies encompass a group of human disorders either caused or exacerbated by mutations in the genes encoding different T-type calcium channels. Recently, a new heterozygous missense muta...

    Authors: Robin N. Stringer, Leos Cmarko, Gerald W. Zamponi, Michel De Waard and Norbert Weiss
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:68
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  14. Huntington’s Disease (HD) is an inherited autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder that leads to progressive motor and cognitive impairment due to the expansion of a polyglutamine (CAG) repeat in the N-te...

    Authors: Si Han Li, Tash-Lynn L. Colson, Jingwei Chen, Khaled S. Abd-Elrahman and Stephen S. G. Ferguson
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:67
    Content type: Research Published on:

  15. Viral transsynaptic labeling has become indispensable for investigating the functional connectivity of neural circuits in the mammalian brain. Adeno-associated virus serotype 1 (AAV1) allows for anterograde tr...

    Authors: Islam Faress, Valentina Khalil, Haruka Yamamoto, Szilard Sajgo, Keisuke Yonehara and Sadegh Nabavi
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:66
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  16. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by a selective loss of dopaminergic neurons. While most research on PD conducted to date has focused on neurons and, to a certain extent, glia, few studies have invest...

    Authors: Eun-Jin Bae, Dayana Pérez-Acuña, Ka Hyun Rhee and Seung-Jae Lee
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:65
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  17. The insula and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) are brain regions that undergo structural and functional reorganization in neuropathic pain states. Here, we aimed to study inhibitory parvalbumin positive (PV+) ...

    Authors: Heloísa Alonso-Matielo, Zizhen Zhang, Eder Gambeta, Junting Huang, Lina Chen, Gabriel Oliveira de Melo, Camila Squarzoni Dale and Gerald W. Zamponi
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:64
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  18. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by Aβ deposition, tauopathy, neuroinflammation, and impaired cognition. The recent identification of associations between protein kinases a...

    Authors: Hyun-ju Lee, Jeong-Woo Hwang, Jin-Hee Park, Yoo Joo Jeong, Ji-Yeong Jang and Hyang-Sook Hoe
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:63
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  19. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a disease that affects motor neurons and has a poor prognosis. We focused on TAR DNA-binding protein 43 kDa (TDP-43), which is a common component of neuronal inclusions i...

    Authors: Asako Onda-Ohto, Minami Hasegawa-Ogawa, Hiromasa Matsuno, Tomotaka Shiraishi, Keiko Bono, Hiromi Hiraki, Yumi Kanegae, Yasuyuki Iguchi and Hirotaka James Okano
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:62
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. Changes in neural activity induced by learning and novel environments have been reported to lead to the formation of new synapses in the adult brain. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is not well und...

    Authors: Takahiro Aimi, Keiko Matsuda and Michisuke Yuzaki
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:61
    Content type: Research Published on:

  21. The present study was undertaken to explore the relative contributions of Cav3.2 T-type channels to mediating the antihyperalgesic activity of joint manipulation (JM) therapy. We used the chronic constriction ...

    Authors: Daniel F. Martins, Victor Sorrentino, Leidiane Mazzardo-Martins, William R. Reed, Adair R. S. Santos, Vinícius M. Gadotti and Gerald W. Zamponi
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:60
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  22. Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder that affects around 1% of the population in widespread populations, with severe cases leading to long-term hospitalization and necessitation of lifelong treatment. Recen...

    Authors: Siyao Li, Koki Sakurai, Masahiro Ohgidani, Takahiro A. Kato and Takatoshi Hikida
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:59
    Content type: Research Published on:

  23. Intrinsic plasticity of the cerebellar Purkinje cell (PC) plays a critical role in motor memory consolidation. However, detailed changes in their intrinsic properties during memory consolidation are not well u...

    Authors: Dong Cheol Jang, Geehoon Chung, Sun Kwang Kim and Sang Jeong Kim
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:58
    Content type: Research Published on:

  24. The 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) is a classical marker of neuroinflammation targeted for in vivo molecular imaging. Microglial cells were originally thought to be the only source of TSPO overexpression b...

    Authors: Kelly Ceyzériat, Alekos Nicolaides, Quentin Amossé, Christine Fossey, Thomas Cailly, Frédéric Fabis, Valentina Garibotto, Carole Escartin, Benjamin B. Tournier and Philippe Millet
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:57
    Content type: Research Published on:

  25. RET (REarranged during Transfection) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that transduces various external stimuli into biological functions, such as survival and differentiation, in neurons. In the current study, we...

    Authors: Bobae Hyeon, Heeyoung Lee, Nury Kim and Won Do Heo
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:56
    Content type: Research Published on:

  26. Plasticity of principal cells and inhibitory interneurons underlies hippocampal memory. Bidirectional modulation of somatostatin cell mTORC1 activity, a crucial translational control mechanism in synaptic plas...

    Authors: François-Xavier Michon, Isabel Laplante, Anthony Bosson, Richard Robitaille and Jean-Claude Lacaille
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:55
    Content type: Research Published on:

  27. Itch is a complex aversive sensory and emotional experience. As a most upsetting symptom in many dermatological and systemic diseases, it lacks efficient treatments. The lateral habenula nucleus (LHb) encodes ...

    Authors: Rui Chen, Xiang Xu, Xin-Yue Wang, Wen-Bin Jia, De-Shan Zhao, Na Liu, Zhen Pang, Xiao-Qing Liu and Yan Zhang
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:54
    Content type: Research Published on:

  28. The regulation of neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation and differentiation during brain development is a precisely controlled process, with the production of different neuronal subtypes governed by strict time...

    Authors: Shukui Zhang, Jinyue Zhao, Cheng Zhao, Libo Su and Jianwei Jiao
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:53
    Content type: Research Published on:

  29. Angiotensin (Ang)-converting-enzyme (ACE) 2 converts Ang II into Ang (1–7), which in turn acts on MAS receptors (ACE2/Ang (1–7)/MAS receptors pathway). This pathway has neuroprotective properties, making it a ...

    Authors: Osamu Nakagawasai, Kohei Takahashi, Taisei Koyama, Ryota Yamagata, Wataru Nemoto and Koichi Tan-No
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:52
    Content type: Research Published on:

  30. Itch is a distinctive sensation that causes a specific affection and scratching reaction. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) has been linked to itch sensation in numerous studies; however, its precise functio...

    Authors: Chiwoo Lee, Jihae Oh, Jae-Hyung Lee, Bong-Kiun Kaang and Hyoung-Gon Ko
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:51
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  31. Mice hippocampus contains three prominent subregions, CA1, CA3 and DG and is well regarded as an essential multiple task processor for learning, memory and cognition based on tremendous studies on these three ...

    Authors: Siqi Peng, Wenzhen Gu, Wenxiu Zhu, Yan Zhuang, Xiuqi Yang, Yaochen Lv, Sibie Meng, Wei Xie and Moyi Li
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:50
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  32. The relationship between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and dendritic spine abnormalities is well known, but it is unclear whether the deficits relate to specific neuron types and brain regions most relevant t...

    Authors: Lucia Celora, Fanny Jaudon, Carmela Vitale and Lorenzo A. Cingolani
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:49
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  34. Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) is known to produce systemic analgesia that involves CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors. However, there is compelling evidence that Δ9-THC can potently inhibit Cav3.2T-type ca...

    Authors: Vinicius de Maria Gadotti, Flavia Tasmin Techera Antunes and Gerald W. Zamponi
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:47
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  35. Social behavior emerges early in development, a time marked by the onset of neurodevelopmental disorders featuring social deficits, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Although social deficits are at the...

    Authors: Melina Matthiesen, Abdessattar Khlaifia, Carl Frank David Steininger Jr, Maryam Dadabhoy, Unza Mumtaz and Maithe Arruda-Carvalho
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:46
    Content type: Research Published on:

  36. High frequency burst firing is critical in summation of back-propagating action potentials (APs) in dendrites, which may greatly depolarize dendritic membrane potential. The physiological significance of burst...

    Authors: Yoonsub Kim, Sooyun Kim, Won-Kyung Ho and Suk-Ho Lee
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:45
    Content type: Research Published on:

  37. Glycine receptors (GlyRs) are ligand-gated chloride channels comprising alpha (α1–4) and β subunits. The GlyR subunits play major roles in the mammalian central nervous system, ranging from regulating simple s...

    Authors: Mohamed Darwish, Satoko Hattori, Hirofumi Nishizono, Tsuyoshi Miyakawa, Nozomu Yachie and Keizo Takao
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:44
    Content type: Research Published on:

  38. Kainate type glutamate receptors (KARs) are strongly expressed in GABAergic interneurons and have the capability of modulating their functions via ionotropic and G-protein coupled mechanisms. GABAergic interne...

    Authors: Simo Ojanen, Tatiana Kuznetsova, Zoia Kharybina, Vootele Voikar, Sari E. Lauri and Tomi Taira
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:43
    Content type: Research Published on:

  39. Dysregulation of HDAC4 expression and/or nucleocytoplasmic shuttling results in impaired neuronal morphogenesis and long-term memory in Drosophila melanogaster. A recent genetic screen for genes that interact in ...

    Authors: Silvia Schwartz, Sarah J Wilson, Tracy K Hale and Helen L Fitzsimons
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:42
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  40. The primary cilium, an antenna-like structure on the cell surface, acts as a mechanical and chemical sensory organelle. Primary cilia play critical roles in sensing the extracellular environment to coordinate ...

    Authors: Ji-Eun Bae, Soyoung Jang, Joon Bum Kim, Hyejin Hyung, Na Yeon Park, Yong Hwan Kim, So Hyun Kim, Seong Hyun Kim, Jin Min Ha, Gyeong Seok Oh, Kyuhee Park, Kwiwan Jeong, Jae Seon Jang, Doo Sin Jo, Pansoo Kim, Hyun-Shik Lee…
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:41
    Content type: Research Published on:

  41. Cooperation is a social behavior crucial for the survival of many species, including humans. Several experimental paradigms have been established to study cooperative behavior and related neural activity in di...

    Authors: Ke-Ming Zhang, Yan Shen, Chun-Hui Jia, Hao Wang, Guo-Qiang Bi and Pak-Ming Lau
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:40
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  42. Stroke is a common cerebrovascular disease with great danger to public health. Educational inequality is a universal issue that influences populations’ stroke risk. This study aimed to investigate the causal r...

    Authors: Bangbei Wan, Ning Ma, Zhi Zhou and Weiying Lu
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:39
    Content type: Research Published on:

  43. Characterization of inter-regional interactions in brain is essential for understanding the mechanism relevant to normal brain function and neurological disease. The recently developed flexible micro (μ)-elect...

    Authors: Susumu Setogawa, Ryota Kanda, Shuto Tada, Takuya Hikima, Yoshito Saitoh, Mikiko Ishikawa, Satoshi Nakada, Fumiko Seki, Keigo Hikishima, Hideyuki Matsumoto, Kenji Mizuseki, Osamu Fukayama, Makoto Osanai, Hiroto Sekiguchi and Noriaki Ohkawa
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:38
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  44. Profiling molecular expression in situ allows the integration of biomolecular and cellular features, enabling an in-depth understanding of biological systems. Multiplexed immunofluorescence methods can visuali...

    Authors: Wonjin Cho, Sehun Kim and Young-Gyun Park
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:37
    Content type: Nano review Published on:

  45. Increasing evidence indicates the major role of mitochondrial function in neurodegenerative disease. However, it is unclear whether mitochondrial dynamics directly affect postoperative neurocognitive disorder ...

    Authors: Zhibin Xiao, Xiajing Zhang, Guangyao Li, Li Sun, Jiangjing Li, Ziwei Jing, Qingya Qiu, Guangxiang He, Changjun Gao and Xude Sun
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:36
    Content type: Research Published on:

  47. Microglia, as macrophages in the brain, are responsible for immune responses and synaptic remodeling. Although the function of microglia is regulated by circadian rhythms, it is still unclear whether microglia...

    Authors: Futaba Matsui, Sho T. Yamaguchi, Riho Kobayashi, Shiho Ito, Sakimi Nagashima, Zhiwen Zhou and Hiroaki Norimoto
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:34
    Content type: Micro report Published on:

  48. FMRP, an RNA-binding protein, has previously shown to be involved in regulation of circadian rhythms in flies and mice. However, the molecular mechanism remains elusive. Here we demonstrate that core circadian...

    Authors: Xiangrong Tang, Jing Zhang, Xin Li, Ying Hu, Dengfeng Liu, Jia-Da Li and Renbin Lu
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:33
    Content type: Research Published on:

  49. The serotonin transporter (5-HTT) plays a critical role in the regulation of serotonin neurotransmission. Mice genetically deficient in 5-HTT expression have been used to study the physiological functions of 5...

    Authors: Hirotaka Shoji, Kazutaka Ikeda and Tsuyoshi Miyakawa
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:32
    Content type: Research Published on:

  50. Cognitive functions depend on the time of day in various organisms. Previously, we found that 24-h recognition memory performance of nocturnal mice changes diurnally through SCOP protein-dependent regulation. ...

    Authors: Kimiko Shimizu, Ken-ichi Inoue, Takao Oishi, Masahiko Takada, Yoshitaka Fukada and Hiroo Imai
    Citation: Molecular Brain 2023 16:31
    Content type: Research Published on:
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